Different Horse Things

[TWiZTiD ☣]

HORSE CHARTS

Here is a chart that has horse colors, markings, eye colors - click
Horse Anatomy - click
Another horse anatomy - click
Comformation chart - click
Hoof Chart - click
Eye Chart - click
Horse Breeds - click
Horse Vision Chart - click

[TWiZTiD ☣]

SAFE TO EAT

Things such as dandelion, thistle (not Russian Knapweed or yellow star thistle), sunflowers and their seeds, peanut plants, raspberry/blackberry bushes, wood and bark of most trees (except black walnut or locust) may be found in horse pastures and are safe to eat.

Cabbage, broccoli, kale, chard, collard greens, brussel sprouts, spinach, rhubarb stems (not the leaves or roots), garlic and onions, turnips, radishes, avocado (not skins or seeds), lathyrus species of beans (India), sunflower seeds, sugar candies such as jelly beans, gummy bears, peppermints, are okay to feed to horses, if fed in small amounts of less than 4 ounces per day.

Carrots, apples, grapes, bananas, peas, green beans, lettuce, celery, cooked dried beans, watermelon rinds, squash, mangoes (not the seeds), raisins, bread/bagels/cake (not if they contain chocolate or poppy seeds), pasta, macaroni, potato chips and potato products, rice products (not raw rice), barley products, corn products, dairy products, eggs, fruit juices, sandwiches (hot dogs, hamburgers, tuna fish, ham, roast beef), most dog and cat foods are all good treats for horses, if fed in limited quantities of less than two pounds per feeding.

DANGEROUS TO EAT

Buttercups, morning glory, pokeweed, St. Johnswort, gum-weed, vetches and locoweed, avocado leaves, bracken fern, tulips and most other bulb type flowers, wilted red maple leaves, acorns and new oak leaves are dangerous, if eaten in large quantities.

Many common plants found around the house or garden are poisonous to horses. These include: lily of the valley, larkspur, tomato or potato plants, rhubarb leaves and roots, poison hemlock, foxglove, leafy spurge, mustards, jimsonweed, alsike clover, blue flax, sorghum, oleander, privet, Japanese Yew, azalea, rhododendron, mountain laurel, pits of peaches, cherries, or avocados; horse chestnut, Russian knapweed or yellow star thistle.

THIS IS FOUND HERE

[TWiZTiD ☣]

DIFFERENT HORSE DISEASES

A
Abscess in Horses
Acorn Poisoning in Horses
Aflatoxin Poisoning in Horses
Anemia in Horses
Anemia in Newborn Foals
Aneurysm in Horses
Anthrax in Horses
Autoimmune Disease in Foals

B
Back Pain in Horses
Blister Beetle Poisoning in Horses
Blood Disorder in Horses
Born With No Anus or Rectum in Foals
Bracken Poisoning in Horses
Brain and Spinal Cord Infection in Horses
Broken Bones in Horses
Bruising in Horses
Bryony Plant Poisoning in Horses

C
Cerebella Abiotrophy in Horses
Coital Exanthema in Horses
Colic in Horses
Colitis-X in Horses
Combined Immunodeficiency Disease (CID) in Horses
Constipation and Colic in Horses
Contagious Equine Metritis (CEM) in Horses
Contracted Tendons in Horses
Corneal Ulcers in Horses
Corns in Horses
Cracked Heels in Horses
Cribbing in Horses
Curb in Horses
Cushing’s Syndrome in Horses
Cystitis in Horses
Cysts (Epidermoid) in Horses

D
Diarrhea in Horses
Diarrhea-causing Bacterial Disease in Horses

E
Eating of Non-food Items in Horses
Entropion in Horses
Epiphysitis in Horses
Equine Arthritis in Horses
Equine Herpes Virus
Equine Infectious Anemia

F
Flu Virus in Horses
Forage Poisoning in Horses
Fusing Joints in Horses

H
Head Shaking in Horses
Hepatitis in Horses
Hernia in Horses

I
Inner Ear Plaque in Horses
Intestinal Bacterial Infections in Horses

K
Kidney Inflammation in Horses

L
Laurel Poisoning in Horses
Lead Poisoning in Horses
Lice Infestation in Horses

M
Muscle Tremor Disorder in Horses
Muscular and Skeletal Illnesses in Horses

N
Neurological Virus in Horses
Nightshade Poisoning in Horses
Nose Bleed in Horses

P
Pink Eye in Horses
Pregnancy Loss (Miscarriage) in Horses

R
Rat Poison (Cholecalciferol) Toxicity in Horses
Retained Dental Cap in Horses

S
Skin Infection (Boil) in Horses
Skin Tumors (Equine Sarcoid) in Horses

T
Trauma, Concussion or Other Brain Injuries in Horses

U
Unable to Sweat in Horses
Undescended Testicles in Horses

THIS IS FOUND HERE

[TWiZTiD ☣]

COMMON INFECTIONS

Tetanus (lockjaw)
Tetanus is caused by a bacterial toxin normally found in the soil and in the feces of horses. The bacteria that produce the tetanus toxin need a decreased oxygen supply to multiply, so any area where there is a deep puncture wound or where a wound has healed over (such as the navel stump of a newborn foal) is an area where tetanus can thrive. Symptoms of tetanus include a protrusion of the third eyelid and stiff neck, progressing to overall muscle stiffness causing a 'sawhorse' stance. Tetanus is often fatal, but a yearly vaccine can prevent it, and the vaccine is a good idea because small cuts can go unnoticed and become infected.

Equine Encephalomyelitis (sleeping sickness)
This is a disease that affects the nervous system, and can be caused by equine encephalomyelitis viruses (Eastern, Western, and Venezuelan), which are carried by mosquitoes. Signs include depression and a high fever, followed by a period when the horse appears blind, nervous and uncoordinated, with muscle tremors, and eventually, complete paralysis. Proper vaccination and good mosquito control are important to help prevent this disease.

Equine Influenza
This viral disease is spread by inhalation of drops of infective material. Signs include a dry, hacking cough, sudden onset of fever, watery nasal discharge, weakness, loss of appetite and depression. Infection with equine influenza is rarely fatal but can cause problems such as emphysema, pneumonia or bronchitis.

Equine Herpesvirus (rhinopneumonitis, rhino, viral abortion)
There are 2 types of equine herpesvirus: EHV-1, which causes respiratory disease (fever, cough, nasal discharge), reproductive problems (abortion, stillbirth), and neurological problems (hindlimb weakness, difficulty walking, sometimes paralysis); and EHV-4, which is usually limited to respiratory problems. Once a horse has been infected with EHV-1 or EHV-4, he will always be a carrier, and may shed the virus during times of stress.

West Nile Virus
Horses get WNV by being bitten by an infected mosquito; some horses do not show any signs and recover on their own, but in some horses the infection affects the central nervous system and causes signs including fever, weakness or paralysis of the hind limbs, impaired vision, lack of coordination, head pressing, convulsions, inability to swallow, and coma.

Rabies
This is a viral infection of the central nervous system, and although it is not common in horses, rabies can be transmitted to horses by the bite of an infected animal such as a skunk, raccoon, fox, dog or bat. Rabies can be transmitted to people. We recommend that you check with your veterinarian regarding recommendations for rabies vaccination for your horse.

Strangles
This contagious respiratory disease is caused by a bacterial infection. Signs include a fever, thick, yellow, nasal discharge and swollen, abscessed lymph nodes under the jaws. The infection is spread by infected material from nasal discharge or abscesses contaminating stalls, feed troughs, pastures, etc. Young horses are the most susceptible to strangles.

Potomac Horse Fever
This disease is a bacterial infection of the blood and tissues. It is much more common in spring, summer and early fall and is only found in certain areas of the country. Signs include a fever, depression, decreased gut sounds, and a profuse, watery diarrhea that can lead to laminitis, colic, dehydration, shock, and death.

THIS IS FOUND click

[TWiZTiD ☣]

HORSE GAITS

WALK - four-beat gait that averages about 4 miles per hour (6.4 km/h).

TROT/JOG - two-beat gait that has a wide variation in possible speeds, but averages about 8 miles per hour (13 km/h)

CANTER - controlled, three-beat gait that usually is a bit faster than the average trot, but slower than the gallop. The average speed of a canter is 16–27 km/h (10–17 mph), depending on the length of the stride of the horse.

GALLOP - very much like the canter, except that it is faster, more ground-covering, and the three-beat canter changes to a four-beat gait. It is the fastest gait of the horse, averaging about 25 to 30 miles per hour (40 to 48 km/h), and in the wild is used when the animal needs to flee from predators or simply cover short distances quickly. Horses seldom will gallop more than 1 or 2 miles (1.6 or 3.2 km) before they need to rest, though horses can sustain a moderately paced gallop for longer distances before they become winded and have to slow down

PACING - lateral two-beat gait. In the pace, the two legs on the same side of the horse move forward together, unlike the trot, where the two legs diagonally opposite from each other move forward together. In both the pace and the trot, two feet are always off the ground. The trot is much more common, but some horses, particularly in breeds bred for harness racing, naturally prefer to pace. Pacers are also faster than trotters on the average, though horses are raced at both gaits. Among standardbred horses, pacers breed truer than trotters – that is, trotting sires have a higher proportion of pacers among their get than pacing sires do of trotters
FOX TROT - most often associated with the Missouri Foxtrotter breed, but is also seen under different names in other gaited breeds. The fox trot is a four-beat diagonal gait in which the front foot of the diagonal pair lands before the hind.[19] The same footfall pattern is characteristic of the trocha, pasitrote and marcha batida seen in various South American breeds.
AMBLING GAITS - Many South American horse breeds have a range of smooth intermediate lateral ambling gaits. The Paso Fino's speed variations are called (from slowest to fastest) the paso fino, paso corto, and paso largo. The Peruvian Paso's lateral gaits are known as the paso llano and sobreandando. The lateral gait of the Mangalarga Marchador is called the marcha picada.
RACK or RACKING - lateral gait most commonly associated with the Five-Gaited American Saddlebred. In the rack, the speed is increased to be approximately that of the pace, but it is a four-beat gait with equal intervals between each beat.
RUNNING WALK- four-beat lateral gait with footfalls in the same sequence as the regular walk, but characterized by greater speed and smoothness. It is a distinctive natural gait of the Tennessee Walking Horse.
SLOW GAIT - general term for various lateral gaits that follow the same general lateral footfall pattern, but the rhythm and collection of the movements are different. Terms for various slow gaits include the stepping pace and singlefoot.
TöLT - gait that is often described as being unique to the Icelandic horse. The footfall pattern is the same as for the rack, but the tölt is characterized by more freedom and liquidity of movement. Some breeds of horses that are related to the Icelandic horse, living in the Faroe Islands and Norway, also tölt.
REVAAL or RAVAAL - four-beat lateral gait associated with Marwari, Kathiawari or Sindhi horse breeds of India.

[TWiZTiD ☣]

FOAL DEFORMITIES

Flexor tendon laxity usually occurs in newborn foals, but can occur in slightly older foals. This laxity can range from a slight drop in the fetlock to the fetlock(s) actually touch the ground. Flexor tendon laxity is common in premature or dysmature foals. This doesn't necessarily mean that if your foal has lax tendons, that he/she is premature/dysmature. Mild laxity usually resolves on its own as the foal gets stronger and exercises--often within a few days to one week. If the laxity is more pronounced, then hoof trimming to create a flat, weight-bearing surface is very beneficial.
Flexural contractures often are referred to as "contracted tendons." This is because when the affected foal stands, it appears that the tendons are tense and too short, but this isn't a complete explanation of the problem. This deformity can be present at birth (congenital) or develop in the older foal (acquired). The source of this problem in the newborn is not completely understood, but is thought to be caused by malposition of the foal within the uterus. However, nutritional abnormalities and even genetics have been implicated as some mares produce multiple foals with flexural deformities.
Flexural Contractures Acquired - These types of contractures occur in older foals and in fairly specific locations. Young foals (one to six months) might develop contracture at the coffin joint. Older foals (at least three months as well as yearlings and occasionally 2-year-olds) might develop contracture at the fetlock joint. These contractures occur in the forelegs, usually in both (bilateral), except for cases where the contracture in one leg is due to lack of use because of pain. The cause is not completely understood and is thought to be related to over nutrition (excessive carbohydrate and/or protein content) and/or mineral imbalances.
Acquired flexural deformity of the coffin joint often is referred to as "club foot." The foot can vary from a dished appearance with the heel raised to a boxy shape with the hoof wall nearly perpendicular to the ground. In very severe cases, the foal or horse might walk on the front (dorsal) aspect of the hoof or fetlock. Mild cases might require only a decrease in nutrition; in young foals weaning might work.
Angular limb deformities are deviations that occur from side to side, such as when the leg deviates from the carpus, tarsus, or fetlock to the outside (laterally) or inside (medially). A lateral deviation is called a valgus deformity and a medial deviation is called a varus deformity. These deviations are extremely common and can be congenital (present at birth) or acquired (develop later in the foal's life). There are several primary reasons angular deformities occur.
-Unossified bones of the carpus and tarsus due to prematurity or dysmaturity.
-Laxity in the soft tissues surrounding a joint and muscles.
-Abnormal uterine positioning.
-Uneven growth at the physis (growth plate) of long bones.
-Rapid growth.
-Trauma.
INFORMATION FOUND HERE

OTHER DEFORMITIES

Hoof  Disorders - CLICK
Different Mouth Deformities - CLICK

[TWiZTiD ☣]

HORSE HOOVES

ONE - Heel bulb
TWO - Periople at the heel
THREE - Heel
FOUR - Quarter
FIVE - Toe
SIX - Periople
SEVEN - Coronary band

ONE - Frog - This is a rubbery wedge shaped structure positioned between the bars.
TWO - Bars - There are two bars on each hoof. They are on either side of the frog.
THREE - Sole - The sole covers the bottom of foot.
FOUR - White line - This is actually inter-connected lamina that you can see.
FIVE - Walls - Walls are the same basic structure as your finger and toe nails.

Hoof Divided into Regions

> The frog is always pointing to 12:00 or the front of the foot.
> The toe region is generally thought of as the area between 11:00 and 1:00.
> The quarters are roughly between 8:00 and 10:00 on one side and 2:00 and 4:00 on the other side of the hoof.
> The heels usually are around 7:00 and 5:00.